2013년 7월 24일 수요일

민영화와 민자사업의 차이

9호선 요금인상 문제의 핵심


서울시 지하철 9호선
서울시 지하철 9호선의 사업자인 서울시메트로9호선(주)가 9호선 요금을 500원 인상하겠다고 기습 공고했다고 한다. 현재 기본요금이 (교통카드 기준) 1050원인데 500원이나 인상하겠다니 너무나 심한 인상율이다. 게다가 9호선은 민간투자사업(민자사업)으로 건설 되었으니, 이번 요금 인상 주장은 민간사업자의 횡포이고 금융자본의 폐혜라는 원성이 나올 법도 하다. 당장 여기저기에서 요금 인상을 철회하라는 목소리가 드높다.
그런데, 이번 9호선 요금 인상을 둘러싸고 민자사업에 대해 너무나 많은 오해가 있다는 것을 다시 한번 확인하게 되었다. 그리고, 그 오해를 적극적으로 이용하는 집단이 있고 그로 인해 민자사업의 문제점에 대한 사회적인 의제 설정이 심각하게 왜곡되어 있다는 점도 확인하였다. 민자사업의 본질은 무엇이고 민자사업이 가지는 문제점을 바로 보기 위한 관점은 무엇이 되어야 하는지 나의 의견을 기술해보고자 한다.
1. 민자사업은 민영화가 아니다.
민자사업에 대한 가장 큰 오해는 민영화와 용어 및 개념을 혼동하는 것이다. 대부분의 경우 민자사업와 민영화를 병용하거나 혼용하고 있는데, 이로 인해 발생하는 오해가 크다. 이번 9호선의 경우를 예를 들어보면, 다음과 같은 요지의 의견이 많다.
’9호선을 민영화했는데, 왜 민간사업자가 운영 손실을 책임지지 않고 적자를 서울시가 메워줘야 하나?’
9호선 개통 이후 서울시가 민자사업자에게 지원한 보조금이 총 800억 원이 넘는다. 이렇게 서울시가 혈세를 퍼붓고 있는데도 요금을 500원이나 인상하겠다니, 민자사업자의 과도한 요구이고 폭리인 것처럼 보인다.
그런데, 민자사업은 민영화와 다르다. 민영화는 산업은행 민영화, 한국전력 민영화 등과 같이, 국가가 건설/설립하고 운영하던 공기업을 민간에 매각하는 경우를 말한다. 반면, 민자사업은 사업 계획부터 민간사업자들이 참여하며, 완공 후에는 민간사업자가 시설을 운영하지만, 사업의 소유권은 국가가 가지는 사업을 말하는 것이다. 그러므로, 9호선을 민영화했다는 표현은 틀린 표현이며, 9호선의 소유권이 민간에 있으니 그 손익을 모두 민간사업자가 책임쳐야 한다는 말도 틀린 말이 되는 것이다.

:: 민영화는 소유가 바뀌는 것 (정부, 자지체-> 민간):: 민자사업(PPP)는 소유는 (정부나 지자체) 이지만 개발계획부터 시공 운영/관리까지 민간사업자가 하는것
2. 민자사업은 대출(우발채무)이다.
그렇다고는 해도, 요금은 요금대로 받는 9호선에 서울시가 해마다 보조금을 지급하는 것은 무엇이란 말인가? 이 현상은, 민자사업이 본질적으로 부채와 같다고 생각하면 이해할 수 있을 것이다. 9호선이 계획 될 당시로 돌아가 생각해 보자.
서울시는 김포공항-여의도-강남을 잇는 교통편을 확보할 필요를 느꼈다. 그러나 가용한 재정이 모자라다. 재정을 충분히 확보해서 9호선을 건설하려면 앞으로도 수년을 더 기다려야 할 것 같다. 이런 상황에서 당장 9호선을 착공하는 방법은 대출을 얻는 것 밖에 없다. 서울시 채권을 발행해서 예산을 조달하는 것이다. 그런데 이런 막대한 금액의 빚을 얻는 것은 서울시로서 여간 부담스러운 것이 아니다. 당장 지하철을 건설하고는 싶은데 빚을 내기는 부담스럽다. 이럴 때 민자사업을 하는 것이다. 민자사업자들이 자신의 돈으로 지하철을 건설하고, 지하철 요금을 받아서 원리금을 상환 받는 것이다. 그런데, 혹시 요금 수입이 원리금을 회수하기에 모자랄 수도 있다면, 누가 그런 위험한 대출을 해주겠는가. 그래서 요금 수입이 모자라면 서울시가 메워 주기로 보증을 선 것이다. 9호선을 이용하는 승객이 충분히 많다면 서울시가 메워줄 필요는 없을 것이다.
요는, 민자사업은 결국 서울시가 지하철을 건설하기 위해 대출을 받은 것과 같다. 다만, 장래의 채무가 특정되지 않은 우발채무일 뿐이다. 대출을 해서라도 지하철을 지어야 한다고 생각했다면, 당연히 요금 수입은 충분히 많을 것으로 예상되고 그렇다면 우발채무가 현실화 되지는 않을 것이다. 개통 후 지금까지 지급한 보조금 800억 원은 예상 수입보다 실제 수입이 모자라기 때문에 보증을 선 서울시가 대신 메워주고 있는 상황인 것이다.
3. 민자사업은 일방적으로 취소할 수 없다.
이렇게 해마다 수백억씩 보조금이 들어가고 있는 상황이니, 서울시로서는 차라리 9호선 민자사업을 취소하고 1~8호선처럼 공사로 바꾸는 것이 낫겠다고 생각할 수도 있다. 그러나, 민자사업은 국가와 민간사업자 간의 계약이다. 계약을 일방이 아무런 대가 없이 파기하는 것은 불가능하다. 9호선 민자사업을 취소하려면 사업권을 매입해야 한다.
사업권을 매입하는 비용은 얼마일까? 서울시와 민간사업자 간의 계약서에 상세한 사항이 기술되어 있겠지만, 애초에 민간사업자가 투자한 돈과 크게 다르지 않을 것이다. 결국 민자사업을 취소한다는 말은 서울시가 대출을 중도 상환한다는 말과 같다. 그 재원은 어떻게 조달할 것인가? 결국은 위 2번으로 돌아가게 된다. 서울시의 재정으로 매입해야 하고, 그것은 결국 시민들이 납부하는 세금이거나 서울시의 빚인 것이다.
4. 민자사업은 수익자부담 원칙의 적용이다.
이렇게 골치아픈 상황을 어떻게 해결해야 하는가? 위의 내용에서도 추정할 수 있겠지만, 방법은 두가지 중이 하나이다. 요금을 인상하거나 서울시 재정으로 사업권을 매입하거나. 이는 민간사업자가 탐욕을 거두라거나 서울시가 나서서 해결하라는 식의 압박으로 해결될 문제가 아니다. 이 문제는 결국 수익자부담의 원칙에 대한 논의이다.
9호선의 경우, 계약에 따른 요금은 2012년 기준으로 1800원이 넘는다고 한다. 9호선 승객들은 이미 800원이나 싸게 이용하고 있는 것이다. 사업자 입장에서는 1550원으로 인상하는 것도 부족하다고 주장할지도 모를 일이다. 사실, 1~8호선의 요금도 수송원가에 비하면 터무니 없이 낮은 것이다. 승객 한사람을 수송할 때마다 1~4호선은 284원, 5~8호선은 428원이 손해라고 한다. 이 손해는 국가가 세금으로 메워주고 있다. 결국, 지하철을 타지 않는 사람들이 돈을 걷어서 지하철을 타는 사람들에게 주고 있는 것과 같다. 지하철은 국가기간 시설이고 서민의 교통수단이므로 이런 상황이 잘못된 것은 아닐 것이다. 특히 1~8호선은 더욱 그러하다. 그런데 이 논리가 9호선에 적용되면 문제는 조금 달라진다.
9호선 요금을 인상하지 않으면 서울시는 계속해서 막대한 보조금을 지급해야 하고, 이것은 세금이다. 이 논리는 1~8호선의 경우와 같다. 그런데, 9호선의 특징을 생각해보면 아주 같은 경우만도 아니다. 9호선은 김포공항-여의도-강남을 잇는 황금노선이고 앞으로 노선이 연장되면 잠실까지 연결된다. 서울 강남을 횡단하는 노선인 것이다. 9호선 요금을 인상하면 안된다는 주장은, 심하게 말하면, (9호선을 이용하지 않는) 강북 주민이 돈을 걷어서 (9호선을 이용하는) 강남 주민에게 주자는 주장과 크게 다르지 않다. 더군다나 9호선 개통으로 가장 큰 덕을 본 사람들은 역세권에서 큰 자본이득을 얻은 강남 주민일지도 모른다.
9호선을 타는 사람이 그 비용을 부담하는 것이 맞는가, 아니면 다수의 시민이 세금으로 균등하게 그 부담을 나눠갖는 것이 맞는가. 결국 9호선 요금 인상 문제는 공공서비스의 수익자부담을 어디까지 적용할 것인지에 대한 문제로 이어진다.
결론: 9호선 문제의 핵심은 수익자부담 원칙에 대한 합의이다.
애초에 9호선을 계획한 것은 필요에 의한 것이다. 다만, 그 시기가 문제였을 뿐. 재정이 넉넉치 않음에도 민자까지 유치해서 건설해야 할 만큼 9호선이 그렇게 시급한 것이었을까? 민간사업자들이 수익을 기대할 수 있을 만큼 승객이 많이 다닐 것으로 예상되었을까? 혹시 9호선 건설로 큰 이득을 기대할 수 있는 어떤 집단이, 사업성이 부족함에도 불구하고 9호선 건설을 강행한 것은 아니었을까?
지금 시점에서 진정으로 중요한 문제는 물가 인상, 금융자본의 탐욕과 같은 표면적이거나 선동적인 것들이 아니다. 서민을 위한다는 사람들이 요금 인상을 반대하는 것이, 궁극적으로는 오히려 서민들에게 부담을 지우자고 주장하는 것과 같을지도 모른다.
지금의 마찰을 해결할 가장 근본적인 방법은 공공서비스에 대한 대가를 어떻게 지불할 것인지에 대한 사회적인 합의를 도출하고, 그 합의 따라 처리하는 것이다.

댓글 27개:

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  4. Ahoj všem, jsem Tyler Micheal, jsem tak glade vrátit se na toto skvělé fórum svědčit o pomoci jsem dostal od Global Financial Loan Film. Byl jsem v zoufalé potřebě půjčky v jiné, abych byl osvobozen od dluhů a finančních otroctví, které mi na mně bývalý manžel. Bylo to opravdu špatné, že musím hledat pomoc od přátel, rodiny a dokonce i mé banky, ale někdo by mi mohl pomoci, protože moje kreditní skóre bylo opravdu špatné. Takže jsem procházel se svým počítačem a viděl nějaké svědectví od lidí, že Global Financial Loan Film pomáhal s půjčkou, pak jsem se rozhodl kontaktovat ho na jeho e-mailu {globalfinancialloanfilm1@gmail.com}, pak jsem dostal poštu od nich a já všechno, co se mě zeptalo. K mému největšímu překvapení přenesli na můj účet půjčku, kterou jsem požádala, a teď jsem tak šťastná, že jsem vyčistil svůj dluh a také jsem začal podnikat se zbývající částkou, abych se staral o sebe i rodinu. Pokud potřebujete úvěr, obraťte se na nejlepšího věřitele úvěru ze všech dob Global Financial Loan Film na email: (globalfinancialloanfilm1@gmail.com)

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  5. We are an exclusive agent to direct providers of Fresh Cut BG, SBLC, and MTN, which we have specifically for lease and

    purchase.

    We deliver with time and precision as set forth in our agreement and procedures . We are equally ready to work with Brokers

    and financial

    consultants/consulting firms in their respective countries.

    Our procedures are most reasonable and safest as we operate a 100% financial risk free process which entails that the

    issuing and receiving bank continues the transaction immediately after DOA is countersigned

    Demand for our procedures by email:bupafinance9@gmail.com

    Regards

    Howard Anthony

    Skype ID:92f864467edaf0b8

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  6. We can deliver financial services instrument(BG/SBLC/MTN/DLC/LC) at affordable price to our customers in other to derive maximum utility. We understand that finding the right company to provide financial instrument is not easy. We are certified financial company that delivers banking instrument for lease which we adhere to our terms and condition. Over 96% of our clients are satisfied with our work whether it is business or financial service.

    Once transaction is in progress, we ensure we keep you posted on the progress of your paper. We also get you connected to the provider for personalized service. Instead of stressing yourself out looking for financial instrument or company why not let professional like us deliver financial instrument to you within the time frame required by you.
    BROKERS ARE WELCOME & 100% PROTECTED!!!

    For further details contact us with the below information....

    Contact Email:mishraexclusivefinance@gmail.com

    Skype:mishraexclusivefinance@gmail.com

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  7. We offer certified and verifiable bank instruments via Swift Transmission from a genuine provider capable of taking up time bound transactions.
    FOR LEASING OF BG/SBLCMINIMUM FACE VALUE OF BG/SBLC = EUR/USD 1MLEASING FEE = 6%+2%
    FOR PURCHASE OF FRESH CUT BG/SBLCPRICE = 38%+2%MINIMUM FACE VALUE OF BG/SBLC = EUR/USD 1M
    Our BG/SBLC Financing can help you get your project funded, loan financing by providing you with yearlyrenewable leased bank instruments. We work directly with issuing bank lease providers, this Instrument can be monetized on your behalf for 100% funding: For further details contact us with the below information.   
    Name;Stephen Donald
    Email;genericfinancialmanagementltd@gmail.com    Skype;genericfinancialmanagementl                                                                                                            

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  8. We are major/Direct providers of Fresh Cut BG, SBLC, POF, MTN, Bonds and CDs and this financial instruments are specifically for

    lease and sale.We are one of the leading Financial instrument providers with offices all over Europe.

    DESCRIPTION OF INSTRUMENTS:
    1. Instrument: Bank Guarantee (BG)/SBLC (Appendix A)
    2. Total Face Value: 10M MIN to 50B MAX USD or Euro
    3. Issuing Bank: HSBC, Deutsche Bank Frankfurt, UBS or any Top 25 .
    4. Age: One Year, One Day
    5. Leasing Price: 4 2%
    6. Sale Price: 32 2%
    7. Delivery by SWIFT .
    8. Payment: MT103-23
    9. Hard Copy: Bonded Courier within 7 banking days

    We are ready to close leasing with any interested client in few banking days, if interested do not hesitate to contact me direct.

    Name:Ahmadu
    Email:aafinancialconsultantltd.uk@gmail.com
    Skype:aafinancialconsultantltd.uk@gmail.com

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  9. BANDENIA CONSUMER FINANCE PLC is a British based financial consulting company with years of experience in the international and local finance market. Be it lease bank guarantee, Stand by letter of credit or any type of refinancing, talk to our team at  BANDENIA CONSUMER FINANCE PLC and certainly we will set your business on the right path with our sound and quality financial advice and services. 
    Our bank instrument can help you fund your projects in Trading, funding project(s) such as Aviation, Agriculture, Petroleum, Telecommunication, construction of Dams, Bridges, Real Estate and all kind of projects.Having years of professional, invaluable experience in the banking and finance industry, and having access to dozens of different prominent trusted and reliable providers, our Financial Services consultants will crawl through hundreds of products to find one that perfectly matches your needs. 
    Purchase Instrument of BG/SBLC : 38%+2% Min Face Value cut =5M- 10B EUR/USD 
    Lease Instrument of BG/SBLC    : 6%+2% Min Face Value cut = 5M- 10B EUR/USD                                          DESCRIPTION OF INSTRUMENTS: 
    1. Instrument: Bank Guarantee (BG / SBLC) (Appendix A) 2. Total Face Value: Eur 5M MIN and Eur 10B MAX (Ten Billion USD). 3. Issuing Bank: HSBC Bank London, Barclays, Credit Suisse and Deutsche Bank Frankfurt. 4. Age: One Year, One Month 5. Leasing Price: 6% of Face Value plus 2% commission fees to brokers. 6. Delivery: Bank to Bank swift. 7. Payment: MT-103 or MT760 8. Hard Copy: Bonded Courier within 7 banking days.                                                                         
    Name: Lewis Wilfred
    Email: bandeniaconsumerfinance@gmail.com

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  10. GENUINE BANK GUARANTEE (BG) AND STANDBY LETTER OF CREDIT (SBLC) FOR BUY/LEASE AT THE BEST RATES AVAILABLE

    ANDERSON PROJECT FUNDING LIMITED is an authorized Financial consulting firm that work directly with A rated banks eg Lloyds Bank,Barclays Bank,HSBC bank etc We provide BG, SBLC,and lots more for clients all over the world. We are equally ready to work with Brokers and financial consultants/consulting firms in their respective countries. Our procedures are most reasonable and safest as we operate a 100% financial risk free process which entails that the issuing and receiving bank continues the transaction immediately, We offer certifiable and verifiable bank instruments via Swift Transmission from a genuine provider capable of taking up time bound transactions. We are RWA ready to close leasing with any interested client in few banking days We hope to establish a long term business relationship with you even after this first trial,

    FOR LEASING OF BG/SBLC
    MINIMUM FACE VALUE OF BG/SBLC = EUR/USD 1M
    LEASING FEE = 4%+2%

    FOR PURCHASE OF FRESH CUT BG/SBLC
    PRICE = 32%+2%
    MINIMUM FACE VALUE OF BG/SBLC = EUR/USD 1M

    Regards
    Rudolf Christian,(DIRECTOR)
    Email: projectfunding.uk.rudolf@gmail.com
    SKype: cid.defcc488b5af0d20

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  11. GENUINE BANK GUARANTEE (BG) AND STANDBY LETTER OF CREDIT (SBLC) FOR LEASE AT THE LOWEST RATES AVAILABLE. OTHER FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS SUCH AS MTN, CD, DLC, PB ARE ALSO AVAILABLE. Dear Sir/Ma I am direct to a provider who has recently issued banking instruments for a couple of my clients the provider is 100% check-able you can do your due diligence on them. I personally know the provider. Our instruments are only from triple 'a' rated banks and we issue from $1M to $5B . The provider is 100% verifiable. If you are genuinely seeking bank instruments. Contact me and i will furnish you with details. And again our bank instruments can serves as collateral as the case may be, which will enable you get loans from your bank so as to embark on any projects such as Aviation, Agriculture, Petroleum, Mining, Telecommunication, Construction of Dams, Real estate, Bridges, Trading, Importing and exporting and Other Turnkey Project (s) etc. Also these instruments can be put in PPP, etc. Please do let me know of your willingness to proceed and I will email you our terms and condition upon request.Inquiries from agents/ brokers/ intermediaries are also welcome. If you are interested in seeking to raise finance for your business/projects in this way,

    Email: goldencrow59@gmail.com
    Skype:goldencrow59@gmail.com

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  12. We can deliver financial services instrument(BG/SBLC/MTN/DLC/LC) at affordable price to our customers in other to derive maximum utility. We understand that finding the right company to provide financial instrument is not easy. We are certified financial company that delivers banking instrument for lease which we adhere to our terms and condition. Over 96% of our clients are satisfied with our work whether it is business or financial service.

    I am the sole (Direct) mandate to several genuine efficient providers for lease/sales BG/ SBLC and other financial instruments, at reasonable prices, Issuance by top AAA rated Bank in Europe.Presently, we focus on BG/SBLC for Lease and Sale transactions

    Once transaction is in progress, we ensure we keep you posted on the progress of your paper. We also get you connected to the provider for personalized service. Instead of stressing yourself out looking for financial instrument or company why not let professional like us deliver financial instrument to you within the time frame required by you.

    For further details contact us with the below information....

    Contact Email: info.amicusfinance@gmail.com

    skype;info.amicusfinance

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  13. We can deliver financial services instrument(BG/SBLC/MTN/DLC/LC) at affordable price to our customers in other to derive maximum utility. We understand that finding the right company to provide financial instrument is not easy. We are certified financial company that delivers banking instrument for lease which we adhere to our terms and condition. Over 96% of our clients are satisfied with our work whether it is business or financial service.

    I am the sole (Direct) mandate to several genuine efficient providers for lease/sales BG/ SBLC and other financial instruments, at reasonable prices, Issuance by top AAA rated Bank in Europe.Presently, we focus on BG/SBLC for Lease and Sale transactions

    Once transaction is in progress, we ensure we keep you posted on the progress of your paper. We also get you connected to the provider for personalized service. Instead of stressing yourself out looking for financial instrument or company why not let professional like us deliver financial instrument to you within the time frame required by you.

    For further details contact us with the below information....

    Contact Email: info.amicusfinance@gmail.com

    skype;info.amicusfinance

    답글삭제
  14. We can deliver financial services instrument(BG/SBLC/MTN/DLC/LC) at affordable price to our customers in other to derive maximum utility. We understand that finding the right company to provide financial instrument is not easy. We are certified financial company that delivers banking instrument for lease which we adhere to our terms and condition. Over 96% of our clients are satisfied with our work whether it is business or financial service.

    I am the sole (Direct) mandate to several genuine efficient providers for lease/sales BG/ SBLC and other financial instruments, at reasonable prices, Issuance by top AAA rated Bank in Europe.Presently, we focus on BG/SBLC for Lease and Sale transactions

    Once transaction is in progress, we ensure we keep you posted on the progress of your paper. We also get you connected to the provider for personalized service. Instead of stressing yourself out looking for financial instrument or company why not let professional like us deliver financial instrument to you within the time frame required by you.

    For further details contact us with the below information....

    Contact Email: info.amicusfinance@gmail.com

    skype;info.amicusfinance

    답글삭제
  15. We can deliver financial services instrument(BG/SBLC/MTN/DLC/LC) at affordable price to our customers in other to derive maximum utility. We understand that finding the right company to provide financial instrument is not easy. We are certified financial company that delivers banking instrument for lease which we adhere to our terms and condition. Over 96% of our clients are satisfied with our work whether it is business or financial service.

    I am the sole (Direct) mandate to several genuine efficient providers for lease/sales BG/ SBLC and other financial instruments, at reasonable prices, Issuance by top AAA rated Bank in Europe.Presently, we focus on BG/SBLC for Lease and Sale transactions

    Once transaction is in progress, we ensure we keep you posted on the progress of your paper. We also get you connected to the provider for personalized service. Instead of stressing yourself out looking for financial instrument or company why not let professional like us deliver financial instrument to you within the time frame required by you.

    For further details contact us with the below information....

    Contact Email: info.amicusfinance@gmail.com

    skype;info.amicusfinance

    답글삭제
  16. We offer certified and verifiable bank instruments via Swift Transmission from a genuine provider capable
    of taking up time bound transactions.

    FOR LEASING OF BG/SBLC
    MINIMUM FACE VALUE OF BG/SBLC = EUR/USD 1M
    LEASING FEE = 4%+2%

    FOR PURCHASE OF FRESH CUT BG/SBLC
    PRICE = 32%+2%
    MINIMUM FACE VALUE OF BG/SBLC = EUR/USD 1M

    Our BG/SBLC Financing can help you get your project funded, loan financing by providing you with yearly. RWA ready to close leasing with any interested client in few banking days

    Name :ivan john

    Email :psafinanceplc@gmail.com

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  17. GENUINE BANK GUARANTEE LETTER OF CREDIT(LC) BUSINESS LOAN AND STANDBY LETTER OF CREDIT (SBLC)
    AT THE BEST RATES AVAILABLE

    We offer certified and verifiable bank instruments via Swift Transmission from a genuine provider capable
    of taking up time bound transactions.

    FOR LEASING OF BG/SBLC
    MINIMUM FACE VALUE OF BG/SBLC = EUR/USD 1M-10B
    LEASING FEE = 4%+2%

    FOR PURCHASE OF FRESH CUT BG/SBLC
    PRICE = 32%+2%
    MINIMUM FACE VALUE OF BG/SBLC = EUR/USD 1M-10B

    MONETIZATION LTV 70%

    LOAN INTEREST RATE:3% OF THE TOTAL FACE AMOUNT

    Our BG/SBLC Financing can help you get your project funded, loan financing by providing you with yearly. we ready to close leasing with any interested client in few banking days
    Email : financeandstrategyltd@gmail.com
    Skype:cid.bb534496aa95aec5

    답글삭제
  18. Attention:
    Are you looking for a REAL FINANCIAL LOAN COMPANY  to give you loan between 5,000 Euro and 50,000,000 Euro (for a business or company loan, personal loan, home loans, car loan, debt consolidation loans, venture capital, healthcare loan, etc.)
    Or have you been denied a loan from a bank or financial institution because of one reason or the other?
    Apply now and get a real financial loan processed and approved within 3 days.
    LYDIA MOON CO-OPERATIVE LOAN COMPANY, we are an "Internationally Accredited Loan Lender" that give REAL FINANCIAL LOANS to individuals and companies in a low interest rate of 2% with your valid identity card or your country international passport for verification.
    Our loan Repayment starts 1 (One) year after you have received your loan, and repayment duration ranges from between 3 to 50 years duration.

    FOR IMMEDIATE RESPONSE AND PROCESSING OF YOUR LOAN REQUEST WITHIN 2 WORKING DAYS,
    Contact us directly through this email: lydiamooncooperativeloan@gmail.com


    Contact us with the following information:

    Full Name:____________________________
    Amount Needed as Loan:________________
    Loan Duration:_________________________
    Purpose for Loan:______________________
    Date of Birth:___________________________
    Gender:_______________________________
    Marital status:__________________________
    Contact Address:_______________________
    City/Zip code:__________________________
    Country:_______________________________
    Occupation:____________________________
    Mobile Phone:__________________________

    Send your request for immediate response to: lydiamooncooperativeloan@gmail.com

    Thank you.
    LYDIA MOON
    Director.
    LYDIA MOON CO-OPERATIVE LOAN COMPANY
    Email:lydiamooncooperativeloan@gmail.com

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  19. We are Providers of all types of BG and SBLC with the best workable procedures. Our BG/SBLC ranges from MT799, MT760,(Both two way confirmation), MT103/23, MT103 (Both can be one way confirmation and two way confirmation) in USD and EUROS.



    Issuing Bank ranges from Top world 25 banks with face value ranging from 1M EUROS/USD to 5B EUROS/USD



    BROKERS ARE WELCOME & 100% PROTECTED!!!

    Intermediaries/Consultants/Brokers are welcome to bring their clients and cases to our attention and in complete confidence

    we will work together for the benefits of all parties involve



    For further details contact us with the below information Thank you.

    Email: info.sofifinanceltd@gmail.com

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  20. We can deliver financial services instrument(BG/SBLC/MTN/DLC/LC) at affordable price to our customers in other to derive maximum utility. We understand that finding the right company to provide financial instrument is not easy. We are certified financial company that delivers banking instrument for lease which we adhere to our terms and condition. Over 96% of our clients are satisfied with our work.Contact email:projectfundermandate@aol.com
    Skype:goldencrow59

    답글삭제
  21. I am a financial consultant and have a very good and reputable Provider of some bank I am a fine instruments. We can only deliver fresh cut cash backed lease bank instruments {(BG/SBLC/LC/DC/MTN)} to you in accordance with our terms and conditions. Our bank instruments can serves as collateral as the case may be, which will enable you get loans from your bank so as to embark on any projects such as Aviation, Agriculture, Petroleum, Mining, Telecommunication, Construction of Dams, Real estate, Bridges, Trading, Importing and exporting and Other Turnkey Project (s) etc.

    Also these instruments can be put in PPP, etc. Please let me know of your willingness to proceed and I will email you our terms and conditions
    upon request.

    Leasing Price : 6%+2%
    Buying Price  : 38%+2%

    Contact :Turnbull Darren
    Email   : financialconceptltd@gmail.com
    Skype   : financialconceptltd@gmail.com
    BROKERS ARE WELCOME & 100% PROTECTED!!!

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  22. Have you been turned down by your bank due to bad credit or a businessman or an organisation that wishes to expand in business ? We are a Finance industry professionals with over 16 Years Experience. We help individuals and companies to obtain funds for business expanding and to setup a new business at affordable interest rate from a genuine provider with Monetization and Recourse Funding from some of the World Top 25 Prime Banks primarily from Barclays, Deutsche Bank, HSBC, Credit Suisse etc. You are at liberty to engage our leased facilities into trade programs as well as in signatory project(s) such as Aviation, Agriculture, Petroleum, Telecommunication and any other project(s) etc.

    With our financial/bank instrument you can establish line of credit with your bank and/or secure loan for your projects in which our bank instrument will serve as collateral in your bank to fund your project.

    We deliver with time and precision as set forth in the agreement. Our terms and Conditions are reasonable and we work directly with issuing bank lease providers, this instrument can be monetized on your behalf for upto 100% funding.


    We are also dedicated to offering financial and business Advice as well as projects funding, offering instruments for supplies, delivering instruments for trade finance and we give service to a wide customer base in Europe, Asia, North & South America

    Intermediaries/Consultants/Brokers are welcome to bring their clients and are 100% protected. In complete confidence, we will work together for the benefits of all parties involved.

    All relevant business information will be provided upon request and reply will be given as fast as possible.

    BROKERS ARE WELCOME & 100% PROTECTED!!!

    FOR MORE INFO CONTACT VIA EMAIL:trustfinancialplc.01@gmail.com

    serious enquiry only.

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  23. We are certified & verified Financial Instrument providers of Lease & purchase instruments. We Lease BG/SBLC @ 4+2% and purchase @ 32+2%.

    Kindly contact us for our procedures and be sure that we would surely achieve success

    For further inquiry contact: BERRIDGE, Ian

    Email: bizfinleasingltd@gmail.com

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  24. Dear Sir/Ma,

    I have a reputable provider that can issue this warranty bond guarantee(BG&SBLC) and also monetize it @ LTV 85%
    He can unlock your financial potential with a loan against bank guarantee(BG&SBLC).
    Contact:Richard Stone
    Email:financeexpert809@gmail.com

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  25. Dear Sir/Ma,

    I have a reputable provider that can issue this warranty bond guarantee(BG) and also monetize it @ LTV 85%
    He can unlock your financial potential with a loan against bank guarantee(BG).
    Kindly contact: Richard Stone
    Email:stoneinvestment.org@gmail.com

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  26. Dear Sir,

    We’re excited to share an important update as part of our ongoing effort to simplify your experience and deliver even more value.

    As of now, the transmission fee will be fully covered by the financial institution meaning the only cost you’ll need to consider is the initiation fee.

    This change is made possible by a newly streamlined process Standard procedures and documentation involved in initiating and completing an (SBLC)

    Standby LetterOf Credit.

    Email:andersonfinanceexpert@gmail.com

    Regards,

    Mike Anderson

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